[untitled] Classical Philology, (1915-01-01), pages 109-110

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Book Reviews 109

Romans was derived from the oetovirate of the Sabines. Here it is difficult
to accept his conclusions. We have every reason to think that the tribal
groups and village communities of Latium developed the city-state system
several centuries before the Sabine clans did. The division of labor and
specialization of magisterial functions in Latin city-states could not possibly
have awaited the development of intricate political organizations in Sabi-
num. In the face of this patent fact a nicely schematized hypothesis can
hardly serve as argument to the contrary.

The chapter on the Etruscan magistracies is excellent and seems to prove
that the magistrates of Etruscan cities were usually the zilax (a single officer
corresponding to the "dictator" of Caere), the marniu (corresponding to the
aedilis of Caere and the maro of Umbria), and the purOne ( = quaestor, per-
haps). The author seems to be correct in explaining the dictatorship of
cities like Aricia, Lanuvium, and Nomentum as an old Etruscan institution.

Enough has been said to show that the author has brought new material
to the discussion of Rome's constitutional forms; also that the discussion
must be carried on farther.

Tenney Frank

Tendenz, Aufbau und Quellen der Schrift vom Erhabenen. Von
Hermann Mxjtschmann. Berlin: Weidmannsche Buchhand-
lung, 1913. Pp. 113. M. 2.60.

Mutschmann seems to have taken his cue from a footnote in Otto's
Quaestiones selectae ad libellum qui est 7rept vij/ov^ spectantes: "Sunt qui
Pseudo-Longinum Theodori Gadareni sectatorem fuisse coniecerint, id quod
tamen nemo adhuc accuratius studuit demonstrare." He divides his treat-
ment into three parts corresponding to the three elements in the title. In
the first (Tendenz), he presents the evidence for holding that the author of
this treatise was opposed to Caecilius of Calacte in his rhetorical theory and
that the contention between them did not grow out of mere whims of per-
sonal taste but was due to a difference in point of view such as is found in the
case of members of opposing schools.

In the second part (Aufbau) he examines the structure of the treatise and
shows that the author has mastered his material and arranged it in orderly
fashion. He argues that the treatment of 7ra0os was deferred to a separate
work because of its great importance and the limitations of space in the
present work and that the apparent discrepancy between the summary at
the end of the fifteenth chapter and the topics discussed in the preceding
chapters is to be removed by making a-wOeo-is rS>v e/t<£epo//.eVcoi> a sub-
division under fJxya\o<t>po<rwr) and by regarding the treatment of av£??<r« as
a part of the digression on Plato and Demosthenes.

In the third part (Quellen) he tries to show by comparisons based largely
on the Anonymus Seguerianus (Cornutus) not only that the author was

110 Book Reviews

a Theodorean but also that he took much of his material directly from
Theodoras. This is the part of the work that is most open to criticism.
Because of his eagerness to find support for this, his main thesis, Mutsch-
mann occasionally goes astray in his interpretation and sometimes forms
conclusions from insufficient evidence. Earlier in the work he emphasizes
the fact that undoubtedly we have lost a large mass of rhetorical writings
and utters a protest against the tendency in source criticism to attribute
everything to the few authors -of whom we have some knowledge. He
should have applied this same principle with greater rigor to his own dis-
cussion of the relation of Pseudo-Longinus to Theodoras, where he sometimes
errs in regarding what seems to have been common stock of the rhetoricians
of that period as the peculiar property of Theodorus.

The book is of value as a supplement to the work of Otto and H. F.
Muller in combating the modern tendency to find in Caecilius the chief,
if not the only, source of this treatise. It also contains some points of inter-
est in matters of interpretation, especially in the treatment of the author's
motivation of digressions. It leaves something to be desired in the way
of a thorough and impartial discussion of the sources of this work.

R. H. Tukey
William Jewell College

Die lateinische tlbersetzung der Didache kritisch und sprachlich unter-

sucht Von Leo Wohleb. Studien zur Geschichte und

Kultur des Altertums, siebenter Band, 1. Heft. Paderborn:
Ferd. Schoningh, 1913. M. 6.

This is an admirable study, by a pupil of Schmalz and Heer, of an inter-
esting bit of Latin Christian translation. In 1721, the Benedictine scholar
Petz published a fragment of a Doctrina Apostolorum — "Viae duae sunt in
saeculo, vitae et mortis, lucis et tenebrarum" — from a Melk MS (saec.
IX-X). It lay unnoted till after Bryennios' discovery in 1883 of the Greek
text of the AtSa^ tu>v ScoSexa a7ro<7ToXo)v; in 1900, it was supplemented by
Schlecht's find — the complete Latin version, in a Freising MS. Wohleb
here gives us a critical commentary on the text; a very interesting discus-
sion of the vocabulary and style of the work; a new edition, with a Greek
original opposite, reconstructed when necessary; an appendix treating the
verb alto and its compounds; and complete Latin-Greek and Greek-Latin
concordances.

There is only internal evidence to date the Doctrina; but its Latin is
surprisingly good. 'Ev alo-xyvy becomes "cum pudore"; irpos to Sovvat, "ad
reddendum; rjXdev .... KoActnu, "uenit ut . . . . inuitaret"; Kopwnp,
"dominica" (nom. pi. neut.); v^qW, "altiores"; late translators would
have been servile. The only bad slip is suo for eius. Interesting points
are: the Egyptian order of the prohibitions in the Decalogue (adultery